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ISSN 1938-4122
Announcements
DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly
2020 14.1
Articles
[en] Developing a Process-Oriented, Inclusive
Pedagogy: At the Intersection of Digital Humanities, Second Language
Acquisition, and New Literacies
Melinda A. Cro, Kansas State University; Sara K. Kearns, Kansas State University
Abstract
[en]
This article describes a collaboration between two tenured faculty members (one
in the library and one in a department of modern languages) at a large,
land-grant institution who sought to introduce a mixed undergraduate and
graduate seminar in French literature to DH methods in the second-language
classroom culminating in a digital mapping project. Lacking explicit previous
training in DH, faculty drew on second language (L2) pedagogy, new literacies,
and DH pedagogy to develop an inclusive approach to course design and
implementation. The approach focused on students’ development of agency and
authority as rising scholars while underscoring conceptions of labor and
professional development in the humanities. There is limited scholarship
addressing implementing DH in a L2 classroom. However, implementing a combined
approach where one pedagogy influenced the other afforded the opportunity to
critically consider the role of multilingualism and multiculturalism in a
global, open DH context. We adopted this approach in concert with lessons drawn
from theories of information literacy and new literacies. This transdisciplinary
method encouraged careful consideration of design and implementation given that
how information is processed, acquired, and communicated are key concerns in
both L2 classrooms and new literacies.
Episodic Theater and the Digital Text: Editing the Traveling
Players’ Fortunatus
Kevin Chovanec, Christian Brothers University
Abstract
[en]
This essay discusses the process of editing a rather simple playtext, the English
traveling players' Fortunatus, with a quite
complex history of circulation and performance and a vast network of sources and
influences. Since the traveling theater was contingent (context-based) and
extemporaneous, the associated playtexts, collaborative adaptations and
translations of English works, present unique challenges for editors and
scholars. In fact, their printed form often misrepresents the kind of theater
practiced. I raise the question of how the textual remnants of this theater
shaped critical attitudes regarding the travelers, and I suggest that
capabilities of digital publication can illuminate the episodic and modular
characteristics of early modern performance.
Erasure, Misrepresentation and Confusion:
Investigating JSTOR Topics on Women’s and Race Histories
Sharon Block, UC-Irvine
Abstract
[en]
This article investigates the topic labeling system of a widely used full-text
academic publication database, JSTOR, particularly in reference to colonial
North American history scholarship. Using insights developed by critical
algorithm and critical archival studies, it analyzes how JSTOR’s topics
repeatedly misrepresent and erase work in women’s, African diasporic/African
American, and Native American and settler colonial histories. The article
discusses concerns over the power of metadata, the need for transparent and
domain-expert-involved indexing processes, and digital providers’
responsibilities to accurately categorize scholars’ work. It particularly
focuses on the potentially disproportionate harm done to traditionally
marginalized fields of study through seemingly racist or sexist topical labeling
that impedes knowledge discovery.
The Push and Pull of Digital Humanities: Topic Modeling the
“What is digital humanities?” Genre
Elizabeth Callaway, University of Utah; Jeffrey Turner, University of Utah; Heather Stone, TETON Sports; Adam Halstrom, University of Utah
Abstract
[en]
In this paper we run a topic model on over 300 article-length pieces from the
extended bibliography of Melissa Terras, Juliette Nyhan, and Edward Vanhoutte’s
edited collection Defining Digital Humanities. We
use this topic model as a way to think through entry into the digital humanities
as a negotiation between warm invitation and gatekeeping, the
“pull” and “push” of digital
humanities. We then analyze the metadata we collected about these pieces to
explore how the push and pull manifest themselves unevenly across different
demographics.
[en] Editorializing the Greek Anthology: The palatin
manuscript as a collective imaginary
Marcello Vitali-Rosati, University of Montreal; Servanne Monjour, University of Montreal; Joana Casenave, University of Montreal; Elsa Bouchard, University of Montreal; Margot Mellet, University of Montreal
Abstract
[en]
The Palatine Anthology (PA) Project, coordinated by the Canada Research Chair on
digital textualities directed by Marcello Vitali-Rosati, collaborates with
several international partners, including Italian and French schools, in order
to establish a collaborative critical digital edition and a multilingual
translation of all the PA's epigrams. In particular, our project aims to further
develop this edition of the PA, thereby demonstrating the philological,
editorial and pedagogic challenges involved in compiling the diverse fragments
of this collection of Greek epigrams. Since its discovery in 1606 by Claude
Saumaise in the Palatina Library of Heidelberg in Germany , the PA manuscript (Codex Palatinus 23) has
considerably influenced literature and art. As we know it today, the Anthology
is the result of successive compilations, modifications, additions, and
rearrangements by the compilers. Meleager's collection is a collection of
epigrams compiled in the first century B.C., which represents the original
source of what is known today as the Greek Anthology . This collection, called The
Crown, was not randomly arranged, but according to a series of
particular organizational principles .
The PA challenges the concept of an “oeuvre” – as a unified
and cohesive body of work –, insofar as it brings together 4 000 epigrams
written by more than one hundred different authors from over sixteen centuries
of literary production (from the Byzantine empire to the 10th century AD). If we cannot consider the Anthology
as a unified and cohesive work, how do we account for it in an edition? To these
questions, the digital environment presents tools and possibilities allowing us
to organize our research, and ultimately work towards finding some answers. In
an attempt to provide tangible solutions to the difficulty of assembling such a
fragmented body of work the PA Project harnesses digital tools. We have created
an open database searchable via an API that allows one to transcribe the
manuscript, propose translations, align translations, transcribe scholia, and
link epigrams both to each other and to external literary and artistic
references. We aim to demonstrate the importance of philological approaches to
texts; redefine the boundaries between scholarly and amateur practices; connect
contemporary readers and scholars with Classical texts; supplement the Perseus
project; and harness the potential of semantic web technologies. We aim to shed
light on the many ways to engage with textual objects, to conceive of a multiple
reception of the anthological imaginary . The
interface of our digital platform does intend for users to propose such reading
pathways and weak ties
, because it enables them to associate an
epigram with a reference (textual, iconographic, musical, cinematographic, and
others) and thereby demonstrate a collective engagement with the epigram . This demonstrates how collective imaginaries are able
to enrich our understanding of the anthological material. By enabling the users
to engage with this otherwise elusive literary object, the Greek epigrams, and
with a cultural object, our project enables contemporary readers to engage with
the digital possibilities in order to visualize a collective imaginary or topoï
, and to contribute to philological research on the
origins and influences of the PA .
A multi-dimensional ontology-based analysis of
the Censorship of Hebrew Manuscripts
Gila Prebor, Department of Information Science Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel; Maayan Zhitomirsky-Geffet, Department of Information Science Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel; Isaac Miller, Department of Information Science Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
Abstract
[en]
In this study, we present the first large-scale quantitative analysis of a corpus
of censored historical Hebrew manuscripts that have survived through the ages. A
new multi-dimensional ontology-based approach was applied to explore the
geographic, temporal, actor- and subject-based distribution of censorship
events. We adopted an ontology-based approach to apply statistical analysis on
the metadata of censored Hebrew manuscripts for estimating the scope and
quantifying the extent of the known facts on the censorship activity and its
various characteristics over the years. In addition, we revealed some previously
unknown phenomena and trends. Particularly, we analysed the relationship of
censorship on other types of events in manuscripts’ lifecycle and compared the
distribution of censored vs. non-censored manuscripts in different dimensions.
We also devised a set of rules to complete the missing locations of over 50% of
censorship events, which has substantially changed the big picture of spatial
distribution of censorship activity. From the temporal perspective our findings
demonstrate that censorship was conducted in “waves” and there was a
decrease in the creation of new manuscripts in periods of high censorship
activity. Certain subjects, such as Kabbalah and Philosophy were censored
significantly more than others, and the locations and script types’ distribution
in censored manuscripts differs from the non-censored manuscripts.
Medieval manuscript descriptions and the
Semantic Web: analysing the impact of CIDOC CRM on
Italian codicological-paleographical data
Anna Bellotto, University of Vienna
Abstract
[en]
Semantic Web technologies provide the ability to more effectively connect and
integrate structured data by disclosing their intended meaning and therefore
making explicit their description, context and provenance. Thanks to their
nature, Semantic Web technologies have produced insights into the challenges
associated with standardizing metadata for manuscripts. Scholars depend on
highly specific catalogue records in order to understand a manuscript and raise
research questions which take into account either its physicality or its nature
of “evidence for all aspects of
life in the medieval period”.
However, the heterogeneity of codicological-paleographical records in terms of
metadata and terminology is weakening the integration and interoperability
within the community. Ontologies in particular have been evaluated as a clever
approach towards a better communication.
The employment of knowledge representation in the field of medieval manuscript
descriptions is still narrow, though. Against the state of the art, this paper
attempts to add some evidence: it analyses the impact of a top-level ontology
designed for modelling cultural objects, namely CIDOC
Conceptual Reference Model, on a set of fifteen Italian manuscript
descriptions encoded in TEI standard using the
online platform ManusOnLine. In this case study,
the semantics underlying the selected TEI
XML-encoded manuscript descriptions were visually explored according to
a subset of CIDOC CRM’s classes and properties. In
doing so, the process of the creation of a manuscript was split and analysed in
its internal phases in accordance with the CIDOC
CRM event-modelling principle. Within the dataset, tags as
<date> and <name> are used sporadically to encode factual
information; however, this case study shows that events and relations can be
generally deduced from the XML structure of a
manuscript description, although they are not expressively identified. Overall,
the analysis demonstrates that CIDOC CRM can
represent a valuable aid to overcome manuscripts-related issues — i.e.
granularity, contradictory knowledge and terminology — and potentially create an
interlinked data platform which could greatly enhance the study of human
culture.
Reviews
Rogue Performances: A Review of Abigail De
Kosnik’s Rogue Archives: Digital Cultural Memory and Media
Fandom
Brian M. Watson, Indiana University — Bloomington
Abstract
[en]
In Rogue Archives: Digital Cultural Memory and Media Fandom
(2016), Abigail de Kosnik establishes the idea of rogue
archives as easily available, copyright-agnostic, and amateur-run
digital archives that preserve non-traditional material. More than just a
concept, De Kosnik’s interdisciplinary and wide-ranging rogue
archives are used as a framework to understand shifts in media,
internet culture, and as sites of individual and community social media
performances. This review, which was originally livetweeted, also considers its
own performance, situating Twitter reviews as a continuation of
eighteenth-century book culture.
This review was originally livetweeted. You can read the original threads here:
https://twitter.com/historyofporn/status/1107292610597515266and here:
https://twitter.com/HistoryOfPorn/status/1107388760868704257
Author Biographies
URL: http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/preview/index.html
Last updated:
Comments: dhqinfo@digitalhumanities.org
Published by: The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations
Affiliated with: Literary and Linguistic Computing
Copyright 2005 -
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Last updated:
Comments: dhqinfo@digitalhumanities.org
Published by: The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations
Affiliated with: Literary and Linguistic Computing
Copyright 2005 -
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.